Botanical Overview
Piper methysticum (family Piperaceae), commonly known as Kava or Kava-kava, is a root and rhizome used traditionally across the Pacific Islands including Polynesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia. The plant is well known for its calming and nervine properties. Traditional use involves preparing an infusion from the root to promote relaxation and social ritual.
Energetics
Kava is considered cooling and drying with bitter and pungent tastes. It has a primarily descending directionality with relaxing tonicity and primarily influences the qi system.
Primary Actions
- Anxiolytic
- Nervine
- Sedative
- Muscle relaxant
Indications
Western
- Anxiety
- Stress
- Insomnia
- Muscle tension
Syndromes
- Generalized anxiety disorder
- Stress-related disorders
- Insomnia
TCM
Not traditionally used or indicated.
Ayurveda
Not traditionally used or indicated.
Unani
Not traditionally used or indicated.
Constituents & Mechanisms
Piper methysticum contains active constituents mainly kavalactones such as kavain, yangonin, and flavokavains, which exhibit anxiolytic and sedative effects primarily via modulation of GABAergic activity.
Dosage & Preparations
- Tincture 1:5 40% alcohol, 2-4 mL, 2-3 times daily
- Powdered root standardized to 70–250 mg kavalactones daily
- Traditional infusion of the root
Safety & Contraindications
Kava use is associated with potential hepatotoxicity; it should be avoided in individuals with liver disease and not used concurrently with alcohol or other central nervous system depressants. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation. Monitoring liver function is advised during prolonged use.
Astrological Correspondences
No reliable sources found for planetary or elemental rulers for Piper methysticum.
Selected References
- Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects, 2nd Edition (Boonen H, 2011)
- World Health Organization Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants – Volume 4 (2007)
- European Medicines Agency Herbal Monograph on Kava-kava (2010)