Tonicity: tonifying

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  • Vaccinium myrtillus (fructus)

    Botanical Overview Vaccinium myrtillus (fructus), commonly known as bilberry fruit, European blueberry, or whortleberry, belongs to the Ericaceae family. The medicinally used part is the fruit or berry. Native primarily to Europe and Northern Asia, bilberry has also naturalized in parts of North America. Energetics The fruit is considered cooling and moistening, possessing an astringent…


  • Vaccinium myrtillus (folia)

    Botanical Overview Vaccinium myrtillus (folia), commonly known as bilberry leaf or European blueberry leaf, is a member of the Ericaceae family. The plant is native to Europe and Northern Asia and has been introduced in parts of North America. The medicinal part used is the leaf, which is traditionally harvested for its therapeutic properties. Energetics…


  • Malus domestica (pericarp)

    Botanical Overview Malus domestica, commonly known as apple, belongs to the Rosaceae family. The medicinal part considered here is the pericarp, or the fleshy fruit. Apples are widely cultivated in temperate regions worldwide and commonly used both as food and traditional medicine. Common names include apple fruit and apple pericarp. Energetics The apple pericarp is…


  • Acmella oleracea

    Botanical Overview Acmella oleracea, known commonly as Toothache plant, Spilanthes, Electric daisy, or Paracress, belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is native to tropical Americas, especially South America. The herbal parts used include the herb, flower, and leaf, prized traditionally for their analgesic properties. Energetics This plant is warming in temperature with a neutral moisture…


  • Punica granatum (flos)

    Botanical Overview Punica granatum (family Lythraceae) is commonly known as Pomegranate. The part used in herbal medicine here is the flower (flos), prized in various traditional systems. The flowers are recognized for their vibrant color and are utilized for their medicinal properties mainly in Mediterranean, Western Asia, and South Asian regions. Energetics The flowers possess…


  • Nigella sativa

    Botanical Overview Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae), commonly known as Black seed, Black cumin, or Habbatul barakah, is native to Southwest Asia, the Mediterranean, North Africa, and the Middle East. Commonly used parts include the seeds and oil extracted from them. Energetics This herb has a warming temperature and drying moisture quality, with bitter and pungent tastes.…


  • Vitis vinifera (semen)

    Botanical Overview Vitis vinifera (semen), commonly known as grape seed, belongs to the Vitaceae family. The seed of the grape fruit is the primary part used medicinally, valued chiefly for its potent antioxidant properties. Energetics The seeds are considered to have a neutral temperature and drying moisture quality, with astringent and bitter tastes. They are…


  • Citrus × aurantium (pericarp)

    Botanical Overview Citrus × aurantium, commonly known as bitter orange, Seville orange, or sour orange, belongs to the Rutaceae family. The medicinal part used is the pericarp, or dried orange peel. It is native to the Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and North Africa and has a long history as a digestive and mild stimulant herb. Energetics…


  • Crataegus douglasii

    Botanical Overview Crataegus douglasii, commonly known as Black Hawthorn, Douglas hawthorn, Oregon hawthorn, or Western hawthorn, is a member of the Rosaceae family. The medicinally used parts include the berries, leaves, and flowers. It is native to western North America, particularly the Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountains regions. Energetics This plant is considered energetically neutral…


  • Collinsonia canadensis

    Botanical Overview Collinsonia canadensis, commonly known as Stone root, Richweed, or Canada horse balm, belongs to the Lamiaceae family. This perennial herb is native to Eastern North America. The primary part used medicinally is the root, valued for its tonic and astringent properties. Energetics Stone root is considered energetically neutral in temperature and drying in…