Tastes: bitter

✦ ✦ ✦

  • Arnica montana

    Botanical Overview Arnica montana, commonly known as Arnica or Mountain arnica, is a herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family native to Europe and Central Asia. The medicinally used part is the flower heads, harvested for topical applications. Arnica is widely recognized for its traditional use in treating inflammation and trauma-related conditions. Energetics This plant exhibits…


  • Acmella oleracea

    Botanical Overview Acmella oleracea, known commonly as Toothache plant, Spilanthes, Electric daisy, or Paracress, belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is native to tropical Americas, especially South America. The herbal parts used include the herb, flower, and leaf, prized traditionally for their analgesic properties. Energetics This plant is warming in temperature with a neutral moisture…


  • Cydonia oblonga (semen)

    Botanical Overview Cydonia oblonga (semen), commonly known as Quince seed, belongs to the Rosaceae family. The seeds are primarily used medicinally. The plant is native to the Mediterranean region and Western Asia. Energetics The seeds exhibit a cooling temperature with moistening qualities. The taste profile is bitter, sweet, and mucilaginous, with an inward directionality and…


  • Punica granatum (flos)

    Botanical Overview Punica granatum (family Lythraceae) is commonly known as Pomegranate. The part used in herbal medicine here is the flower (flos), prized in various traditional systems. The flowers are recognized for their vibrant color and are utilized for their medicinal properties mainly in Mediterranean, Western Asia, and South Asian regions. Energetics The flowers possess…


  • Nigella sativa

    Botanical Overview Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae), commonly known as Black seed, Black cumin, or Habbatul barakah, is native to Southwest Asia, the Mediterranean, North Africa, and the Middle East. Commonly used parts include the seeds and oil extracted from them. Energetics This herb has a warming temperature and drying moisture quality, with bitter and pungent tastes.…


  • Vitis vinifera (semen)

    Botanical Overview Vitis vinifera (semen), commonly known as grape seed, belongs to the Vitaceae family. The seed of the grape fruit is the primary part used medicinally, valued chiefly for its potent antioxidant properties. Energetics The seeds are considered to have a neutral temperature and drying moisture quality, with astringent and bitter tastes. They are…


  • Citrus × aurantium (pericarp)

    Botanical Overview Citrus × aurantium, commonly known as bitter orange, Seville orange, or sour orange, belongs to the Rutaceae family. The medicinal part used is the pericarp, or dried orange peel. It is native to the Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and North Africa and has a long history as a digestive and mild stimulant herb. Energetics…


  • Hydrocotyle vulgaris

    Botanical Overview Hydrocotyle vulgaris, commonly known as Marsh Pennywort or Water Pennywort, is a herbaceous perennial belonging to the Araliaceae family. It is native to Europe and Western Asia, typically found in wetlands and marshy areas. The whole plant is traditionally used in herbal applications. Energetics This plant has a cooling temperature and moistening moisture…


  • Crataegus douglasii

    Botanical Overview Crataegus douglasii, commonly known as Black Hawthorn, Douglas hawthorn, Oregon hawthorn, or Western hawthorn, is a member of the Rosaceae family. The medicinally used parts include the berries, leaves, and flowers. It is native to western North America, particularly the Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountains regions. Energetics This plant is considered energetically neutral…


  • Ajuga reptans

    Botanical Overview Ajuga reptans, commonly known as Bugleweed, Carpet Bugle, or Wingwort, belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is native to Europe and Western Asia and has been introduced to North America. The primary parts used medicinally are the leaves and aerial parts. Energetics Ajuga reptans is characterized by a cooling temperature and neutral moisture…