Tastes: bitter

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  • Ginkgo biloba

    Botanical Overview Ginkgo biloba is the sole species of the ancient Ginkgoaceae family, commonly known as Ginkgo or Maidenhair tree. It is native to East Asia, particularly China, and is widely cultivated worldwide. The primary medicinal parts used are the leaves and seeds. Common names include Ginkgo and Maidenhair tree. Energetics Ginkgo biloba has a…


  • Rhodiola rosea

    Botanical Overview Rhodiola rosea is a perennial flowering plant in the Crassulaceae family, commonly known as Golden root, Arctic root, or Rose root. The medicinal part of the plant is the root, traditionally used in northern temperate and arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. It has been valued for its adaptogenic and stimulant…


  • Withania somnifera

    Botanical Overview Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, Indian ginseng, or Winter cherry, is a member of the Solanaceae family. Native to Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean regions, this plant’s root, leaf, and berry are traditionally used in medicine. Energetics Withania somnifera is traditionally recognized as warming and drying with bitter and pungent tastes. Its…


  • Urtica dioica (semen)

    Botanical Overview Urtica dioica (semen), commonly referred to as nettle seed, belongs to the family Urticaceae. The seed is the primary part used medicinally. It is native across Europe, Asia, and North America where it grows commonly in temperate zones. Energetics Urtica dioica seed is considered to have a cooling temperature and moistening quality. Its…


  • Trigonella foenum-graecum

    Botanical Overview Trigonella foenum-graecum, commonly known as Fenugreek, Greek Hayseed, or Bird’s Foot, is a member of the Fabaceae family. The seed and leaf are the primary parts used medicinally. The plant is native to Southern Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa. Energetics Fenugreek is considered warming in temperature and moistening in moisture qualities. It…


  • Gymnema sylvestre

    Botanical Overview Gymnema sylvestre belongs to the family Apocynaceae. It is native to India, Sri Lanka, and tropical Asia and is also found in parts of Africa. The primary part used medicinally is the leaf. Common names include Gymnema, Gymnema leaf, and Australian cowplant. Energetics Gymnema sylvestre is considered to have a neutral temperature and…


  • Commiphora wightii

    Botanical Overview Commiphora wightii (Family: Burseraceae) is a resin-producing shrub native to India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Southeast Asia. Commonly known as Guggul or Indian bdellium, the medicinally used part is the aromatic resin exuded from the stem and branches. This resin has been prized historically in Ayurvedic and Unani traditions for its therapeutic properties. Energetics…


  • Olea europaea (folia)

    Botanical Overview Olea europaea (folia), commonly known as Olive leaf, belongs to the Oleaceae family. The leaves are the part used medicinally and the plant is native to the Mediterranean region. Olive leaf has a long history of traditional use in herbal medicine. Energetics Olive leaf is considered cooling and drying in nature. Its taste…


  • Leonurus cardiaca

    Botanical Overview Leonurus cardiaca, commonly called Motherwort, Lion’s Tail, or Lion’s Ear, is a member of the Lamiaceae family. It is native to Europe and Western Asia and has been introduced to North America. The most commonly used parts are the aerial parts including the leaves and flowers. Energetics Motherwort is considered cooling in temperature…


  • Crataegus monogyna

    Botanical Overview Crataegus monogyna, commonly known as Common hawthorn or Single-seeded hawthorn, is a member of the Rosaceae family. It is native to Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. The medicinal parts include the flowers, leaves, and fruit, traditionally harvested for cardiovascular and mild sedative uses. Energetics This herb is considered neutral in temperature with…