Directionality: outward

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  • Crocus sativus

    Botanical Overview Crocus sativus (Family: Iridaceae) is commonly known as Saffron or Saffron crocus. The parts used medicinally are the stigma and styles of the flower. Native to the Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia, it is cultivated notably in Iran, Spain, Greece, Morocco, and Kashmir (India). Energetics Crocus sativus is considered warming and drying in…


  • Ammi visnaga

    Botanical Overview Ammi visnaga, commonly known as Bishop’s weed, Khella, or Visnaga, belongs to the Apiaceae family. The primary medicinal parts used are the fruit and seeds. It is native to the Mediterranean region, North Africa, and West Asia. Energetics Ammi visnaga has a cooling temperature and neutral moisture energetics. It has bitter and sharp…


  • Cola acuminata

    Botanical Overview Cola acuminata belongs to the Malvaceae family and is commonly known as Bitter kola or Cola nut. The plant is native to West and Tropical Africa. The primary part used medicinally is the seed or nut, which is traditionally chewed or prepared in various forms. Energetics The plant is considered warming and drying,…


  • Camellia sinensis

    Botanical Overview Camellia sinensis belongs to the family Theaceae and is the source of tea leaves used globally. The medicinal parts used are the young leaves. Common names include Tea plant, Green tea, Black tea, White tea, and Oolong tea. Native to Asia, it is widely cultivated in China, India, Japan, and Sri Lanka. Energetics…


  • Oenothera biennis

    Botanical Overview Oenothera biennis, commonly known as Evening primrose, is a biennial flowering plant in the Onagraceae family. Native to North America but widely naturalized in Europe and Western Asia, its seeds, leaves, roots, and flowers are utilized medicinally. Common names include Evening primrose, German rampion, and Sundrop. Energetics This plant exhibits a cooling temperature…


  • Gynostemma pentaphyllum

    Botanical Overview Gynostemma pentaphyllum is a climbing herbaceous vine belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. Commonly known as Jiaogulan or Southern Ginseng, it is native to East and Southeast Asia, including China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. The aerial parts, especially the leaves, are used medicinally and traditionally brewed into infusions. Energetics This plant has a cooling…


  • Lonicera japonica (flos)

    Botanical Overview Lonicera japonica (flos), commonly known as Japanese Honeysuckle flower, belongs to the Caprifoliaceae family. The medicinal part primarily used is the dried flower. It is native to East Asia including China, Japan, and Korea. The plant is well-regarded in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western herbal medicine. Energetics Lonicera japonica flowers are considered…


  • Forsythia suspensa

    Botanical Overview Forsythia suspensa belongs to the Oleaceae family and is commonly known as Weeping Forsythia or simply Forsythia. Native to East Asia, especially China, it is valued in traditional herbal medicine mainly for its fruit, flower, and twigs. Energetics This herb is considered cooling and drying in energetic nature, with a bitter and pungent…


  • Ferula assa-foetida

    Botanical Overview Ferula assa-foetida is a perennial herb belonging to the Apiaceae family, widely distributed across Western Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, and the Middle East. The primary medicinal part used is the resin derived from its root and rhizome. Commonly known as Asafoetida, Hing, or Devil’s dung, the plant’s resin possesses a strong sulfurous…


  • Artemisia annua

    Botanical Overview Artemisia annua, commonly known as Sweet wormwood, Annual wormwood, Qinghao, or Sweet Annie, is a member of the Asteraceae family. Native to China with a distribution that includes Southeast Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America, this herbaceous annual plant’s leaf and flowering aerial parts are used medicinally. Energetics Artemisia annua is traditionally considered…