Constituents: essential oils

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  • Alpinia galanga

    Botanical Overview Alpinia galanga, commonly known as Greater galangal, Lengkuas, Lawang, or Thai ginger, is a medicinal plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family. Its rhizome is the primary part used for culinary and medicinal purposes. Native to Southeast Asia including Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, and India, it is widely utilized for its aromatic and therapeutic properties.…


  • Brassica nigra (semen)

    Botanical Overview Latin Name: Brassica nigra (semen) Family: Brassicaceae Parts Used: Seed Common Names: Black mustard seed, Black mustard Energetics The seed is warming and drying in nature with a pungent and bitter taste profile. It is considered tonifying with an upward and outward directionality affecting qi and blood. Primary Actions Carminative Expectorant Rubefacient Stimulant…


  • Celastrus paniculatus

    Botanical Overview Celastrus paniculatus, commonly known as Intellect tree, Malkangani, Jyotishmati, or Oil plant, belongs to the Celastraceae family. Native to India and Southeast Asia, the primary parts used medicinally are the seeds and their oil. Energetics This herb is traditionally considered warming and drying with bitter and pungent tastes. It has an ascending and…


  • Eriodictyon californicum

    Botanical Overview Eriodictyon californicum, commonly known as Yerba Santa or California Yerba Santa, is a member of the Boraginaceae family. This woody shrub is native to western North America, particularly California, Oregon, and Nevada. Traditionally, the leaves and aerial parts are used medicinally. Energetics Yerba Santa is considered warming and drying in nature. Its taste…


  • Zanthoxylum americanum

    Botanical Overview Zanthoxylum americanum, commonly known as American prickly ash, Northern prickly ash, or Yellow prickly ash, is a member of the Rutaceae family native to North America, particularly the Eastern United States and Canada. The plant’s bark, root, and fruit are traditionally used medicinally. Energetics This warming and drying herb possesses bitter and pungent…


  • Verbena officinalis

    Botanical Overview Verbena officinalis, commonly known as Vervain, belongs to the Verbenaceae family. It is native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa and has been naturalized in North America. The medicinal parts primarily used are the aerial parts, including leaves and flowers. Common names include Vervain, Common vervain, and Purple vervain. Energetics Verbena officinalis is…


  • Aegle marmelos

    Botanical Overview Aegle marmelos (family Rutaceae) is a medicinal tree native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Commonly known as Bael, Bengal quince, golden apple, or stone apple, various parts including fruit, leaf, root, bark, and seed are used therapeutically. Energetics This species is considered warming in temperature and drying in moisture quality, with…


  • Curcuma zedoaria

    Botanical Overview Curcuma zedoaria, commonly known as White turmeric or Zedoary, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. The medicinal part primarily used is the rhizome. This perennial herb is native to South and Southeast Asia and valued in several traditional medicine systems. Energetics This plant exhibits warming and drying energetic qualities with bitter and pungent tastes.…


  • Anacyclus pyrethrum

    Botanical Overview Anacyclus pyrethrum, belonging to the Asteraceae family, is commonly known as Pellitory root, African pyrethrum, Spanish chamomile, and Akkalkara. The plant is indigenous to Mediterranean, North Africa, and Southwest Asia. The root is the primary part used medicinally. Energetics The root is considered warming and drying in nature, with a bitter and pungent…


  • Hamamelis virginiana

    Botanical Overview Hamamelis virginiana, commonly known as witch hazel or American witch-hazel, belongs to the family Hamamelidaceae. It is native to Eastern North America. The medicinal parts used include the bark, leaves, twigs, and leaf-distilled water. Witch hazel is well recognized for its use in topical preparations for skin and circulatory conditions. Energetics This herb…