Constituents: carotenoids

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  • Lycium barbarum (fructus)

    Botanical Overview Lycium barbarum (fructus), commonly known as Goji berry or Wolfberry, is a member of the Solanaceae family. The medicinally used part is the dried fruit, renowned both in traditional Chinese medicine and increasingly in Western herbal practice. Native to China and East Asia, it has also been introduced and naturalized in parts of…


  • Hippophae rhamnoides

    Botanical Overview Hippophae rhamnoides, commonly known as Sea buckthorn, Sand thorn, or Seaberry, belongs to the Elaeagnaceae family. This hardy shrub is native to Europe, Central and Northern Asia including China and Russia. The plant’s berries, leaves, seeds, and oil are utilized medicinally and nutritionally. Energetics Sea buckthorn is considered to have a cooling temperature…


  • Capsicum annuum (fructus)

    Botanical Overview Capsicum annuum (fructus) belongs to the Solanaceae family and includes widely cultivated types such as bell peppers, chili peppers, and paprika. The medicinally used part is the fruit, which varies from sweet to pungent varieties. It is native to Central and South America but is now grown worldwide for culinary and medicinal purposes.…


  • Crocus sativus

    Botanical Overview Crocus sativus (Family: Iridaceae) is commonly known as Saffron or Saffron crocus. The parts used medicinally are the stigma and styles of the flower. Native to the Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia, it is cultivated notably in Iran, Spain, Greece, Morocco, and Kashmir (India). Energetics Crocus sativus is considered warming and drying in…