Primary Actions: Astringent

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  • Symphytum officinale

    Botanical Overview Symphytum officinale, commonly known as Comfrey, Common comfrey, Knitbone, and Slippery root, is a member of the Boraginaceae family. Its primary medicinal parts are the root and the leaf. It is native to Europe and Northwestern Asia and has been introduced to North America. Energetics Comfrey is traditionally considered to have a cooling…


  • Plantago major

    Botanical Overview Plantago major L., commonly known as Broadleaf plantain, Greater plantain, or Common plantain, belongs to the Plantaginaceae family. It is native to temperate regions worldwide, including Europe, North America, and Asia. The herbaceous perennial grows low to the ground and is known for its broad, ovate leaves and inconspicuous flowers. The primary parts…


  • Calendula officinalis

    Botanical Overview Calendula officinalis, commonly known as Marigold or Pot Marigold, belongs to the Asteraceae family. The medicinal part mainly used is the flower. Native to the Mediterranean and introduced widely in Europe and Western Asia, it has a long history of traditional use. Energetics Calendula is characterized energetically as cooling and neutral in moisture,…


  • Urtica dioica (folia)

    Botanical Overview Urtica dioica (folia), commonly known as Stinging Nettle or Nettle Leaf, is a member of the Urticaceae family. The primary medicinal parts used are the leaves, harvested for their therapeutic properties. Native to Europe, Asia, and North America, this plant has a longstanding history in herbal medicine traditions across the Western world and…


  • Equisetum arvense

    Botanical Overview Equisetum arvense, commonly known as field horsetail or common horsetail, is a fern ally of the family Equisetaceae native to temperate regions of Europe, North America, and Asia. The aerial parts, especially the sterile green stems, are used medicinally. It is recognized traditionally by names including Escale and Shavegrass. Energetics This herb possesses…


  • Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

    Botanical Overview Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, commonly known as Bearberry, Uva-ursi, or Kinnikinnick, belongs to the Ericaceae family. The medicinal parts used are primarily the dried leaves of the plant. It is native to the Northern Hemisphere, including regions of North America, Europe, and Asia. Energetics This herb is considered cooling in temperature and drying in moisture.…


  • Hydrastis canadensis

    Botanical Overview Hydrastis canadensis, commonly known as Goldenseal, Orangeroot, or Yellow Puccoon, belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. It is native to Eastern North America. The medicinal parts used are primarily the rhizome and root. Energetics Goldenseal is considered warming and drying in nature. Its tastes are bitter, acrid, and astringent. It exhibits descending directionality and…


  • Verbascum thapsus

    Botanical Overview Verbascum thapsus, commonly known as common mullein, great mullein, or woolly mullein, is a member of the Scrophulariaceae family. It is native to Europe and Asia and has been widely naturalized in North America. The parts used medicinally include the leaf, flower, and root. The plant is well-known for its soft, densely hairy…


  • Urtica dioica (radix)

    Botanical Overview Urtica dioica (radix), commonly known as Stinging Nettle Root or Nettle Root, belongs to the family Urticaceae. The plant is native to Europe, North America, and Asia. The root is the primary part used medicinally, known for its various actions related to genitourinary and musculoskeletal systems. Energetics The root exhibits a cooling temperature…


  • Rumex acetosella

    Botanical Overview Rumex acetosella, commonly known as Sheep’s sorrel, Red sorrel, Field sorrel, or Yellow sorrel, is a herbaceous plant of the Polygonaceae family. It is native to Europe but naturalized widely across North America, Asia, and Australia. The most commonly used parts are the leaves and roots. Energetics This plant is characterized by a…