Primary Actions: Antioxidant

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  • Morinda citrifolia

    Botanical Overview Morinda citrifolia, commonly known as Noni, Indian mulberry, or Cheese fruit, belongs to the Rubiaceae family. This tropical plant is native to Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, the Caribbean, Australia, and India. The fruit, leaf, root, and bark of Morinda citrifolia are used medicinally. Energetics Morinda citrifolia is generally considered cooling and moistening…


  • Annona muricata

    Botanical Overview Annona muricata, known commonly as soursop, graviola, guanabana, and Brazilian pawpaw, is a tropical plant in the Annonaceae family. Its parts used medicinally include the leaf, fruit, seed, stem, and root. It is native to the Caribbean, Central and South America, and cultivated in West Africa and Southeast Asia. Energetics This plant is…


  • Theobroma cacao

    Botanical Overview Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) is a tropical tree native to Central and South America, widely cultivated for its seeds known as cacao beans or cocoa beans. The primary parts used medicinally are the seeds (semen) and their husks. Commonly referred to as cacao seed or cocoa bean, it is prized for its stimulant and…


  • Capsicum annuum (fructus)

    Botanical Overview Capsicum annuum (fructus) belongs to the Solanaceae family and includes widely cultivated types such as bell peppers, chili peppers, and paprika. The medicinally used part is the fruit, which varies from sweet to pungent varieties. It is native to Central and South America but is now grown worldwide for culinary and medicinal purposes.…


  • Orthosiphon stamineus

    Botanical Overview Orthosiphon stamineus belongs to the family Lamiaceae and is commonly known as Cat’s whiskers, Java tea, or Misai kucing. The plant is native to Southeast Asia including Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The primary part used medicinally is the leaf. Energetics This herb is considered cooling and moistening in nature, with bitter and sweet…


  • Crocus sativus

    Botanical Overview Crocus sativus (Family: Iridaceae) is commonly known as Saffron or Saffron crocus. The parts used medicinally are the stigma and styles of the flower. Native to the Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia, it is cultivated notably in Iran, Spain, Greece, Morocco, and Kashmir (India). Energetics Crocus sativus is considered warming and drying in…


  • Peumus boldus

    Botanical Overview Peumus boldus, commonly known as Boldo, belongs to the family Monimiaceae. This evergreen shrub or small tree is native to South America, particularly Chile, Peru, and Argentina. The medicinal part used primarily is the leaf, which is harvested and dried for various preparations. Energetics Boldo is traditionally considered warming and drying in nature,…


  • Camellia sinensis

    Botanical Overview Camellia sinensis belongs to the family Theaceae and is the source of tea leaves used globally. The medicinal parts used are the young leaves. Common names include Tea plant, Green tea, Black tea, White tea, and Oolong tea. Native to Asia, it is widely cultivated in China, India, Japan, and Sri Lanka. Energetics…


  • Salvia miltiorrhiza

    Botanical Overview Salvia miltiorrhiza, commonly known as Danshen, red sage, or Chinese sage, belongs to the family Lamiaceae. The medicinally used part is the root. Native primarily to East Asian regions including China, Korea, and Japan, this plant has been traditionally employed in herbal medicine systems. Energetics This herb exhibits cooling and drying energetics with…


  • Oenothera biennis

    Botanical Overview Oenothera biennis, commonly known as Evening primrose, is a biennial flowering plant in the Onagraceae family. Native to North America but widely naturalized in Europe and Western Asia, its seeds, leaves, roots, and flowers are utilized medicinally. Common names include Evening primrose, German rampion, and Sundrop. Energetics This plant exhibits a cooling temperature…