Botanical Overview
Verbascum thapsus (flos olei) is commonly known as Common mullein or Great mullein and belongs to the Scrophulariaceae family. The flower and its extract, including the flower oil, are the parts used medicinally. The plant is native to Europe, North America, and parts of Asia.
Energetics
Verbascum thapsus is considered warming and moistening in nature, with a mild bitter and sweet taste. Its energetic directionality is ascending, and it tends to have a relaxing tonicity affecting the qi.
Primary Actions
- Demulcent
- Expectorant
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antimicrobial
Indications
Western
- Cough
- Bronchitis
- Sore throat
- Hoarseness
- Skin inflammation
- Ear infections
Syndromes
- Upper respiratory tract irritation
- Acute and chronic bronchitis
- Pharyngitis
- Dermatitis
- Otitis media
TCM
Not established.
Ayurveda
Not established.
Unani
Not established.
Constituents & Mechanisms
The flowers of Verbascum thapsus contain flavonoids, saponins, mucilage, iridoid glycosides, and essential oils which contribute to its demulcent, soothing, and anti-inflammatory effects.
Dosage & Preparations
- Infusion: 1-2 teaspoons of dried flowers in 150 ml hot water, 2-3 times daily
- Flower oil: Apply externally for skin and ear inflammation
- Tincture: 1:5 in 40% ethanol, 2–5 mL, 2-3 times daily (traditional usage)
Safety & Contraindications
Generally considered safe when used as directed. Avoid use during pregnancy and lactation due to insufficient safety data. External use of flower oil may cause skin irritation or allergic reactions. Individuals with allergy to Scrophulariaceae family should avoid use.
Astrological Correspondences
No reliable astrological or elemental rulers were identified with sufficient confidence.
Selected References
- European Medicines Agency (EMA) Herbal Monograph on Verbascum thapsus L., flos
- Plants For A Future Database, Verbascum thapsus (Common mullein)
- NIH National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Mullein