Botanical Overview
Pilocarpus microphyllus, commonly known as Jaborandi or Small-leaved Pilocarpus, is a member of the Rutaceae family native to Brazil and other parts of South America. The primary medicinal part utilized is the leaf, which contains bioactive alkaloids.
Energetics
This plant is considered to have a neutral temperature and moisture quality, with a notably bitter taste. It is tonifying in nature and generally supports the body’s qi energy.
Primary Actions
- Cholinergic stimulant
- Secretagogue (stimulates secretions such as saliva and sweat)
- Miosis-inducing (pupil constriction)
- Diaphoretic (promotes sweating)
Indications
Western
- Dry mouth (xerostomia)
- Glaucoma (to reduce intraocular pressure)
- Excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis)
Syndromes
- Xerostomia
- Ocular hypertension
- Hyperhidrosis
TCM
No established traditional Chinese Medicine indications.
Ayurveda
No established Ayurveda indications.
Unani
No established Unani indications.
Constituents & Mechanisms
The plant is rich in alkaloids, most notably pilocarpine and isopilocarpine, which act as cholinergic agents by stimulating muscarinic receptors.
Dosage & Preparations
- Leaf infusion 2–5 g decoction
- Standardized pilocarpine extract formulations
- Topical ophthalmic preparations containing pilocarpine for glaucoma
Safety & Contraindications
Due to its potent cholinergic effects, Jaborandi should be used cautiously. It is contraindicated in individuals with asthma or bradycardia and is not recommended during pregnancy or lactation because of insufficient safety data. Potential interactions include cholinergic drugs, beta-blockers, and anticholinesterases.
Astrological Correspondences
No well-supported planetary or elemental rulers identified for Pilocarpus microphyllus.
Selected References
- European Medicines Agency Herbal Monograph: Pilocarpus leaf (Jaborandi Leaf)
- World Health Organization Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants: Pilocarpus microphyllus
- Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database: Pilocarpine
- PubChem: Pilocarpine Chemical and Pharmacological Overview