Botanical Overview
Xylopia aethiopica is a member of the Annonaceae family, commonly known as Ethiopian pepper, Negro pepper, or Guinea pepper. It is native to West and Central Tropical Africa. The primary medicinal parts used are the fruit, seeds, and bark.
Energetics
This plant exhibits warming temperature and drying moisture energetics. The taste profile includes pungent and bitter qualities. It is considered tonifying in traditional applications.
Primary Actions
- Expectorant
- Spasmolytic
- Antimicrobial
- Carminative
- Anti-inflammatory
Indications
Western
- Cough
- Bronchitis
- Asthma
- Dyspepsia
- Flatulence
- Fever
Syndromes
- Respiratory tract infections
- Digestive complaints
- Inflammation
TCM
No traditional Chinese medicine indications identified.
Ayurveda
No Ayurvedic indications identified.
Unani
- Respiratory ailments
- Digestive disturbances
Syndromes
- Cold diseases
- Indigestion
Constituents & Mechanisms
Contains alkaloids, essential oils, flavonoids, terpenes, and saponins which contribute to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, and spasmolytic activities.
Dosage & Preparations
- Decoction of bark or fruit 2-5 grams, taken 2-3 times daily
- Powdered seed 1-3 grams daily
- Infusion of dried fruit, 1-2 teaspoons per cup, 1-2 times daily
Safety & Contraindications
Generally regarded as safe when used traditionally, but caution is advised in pregnancy due to possible uterotonic effects. No significant known drug interactions. Overuse may cause gastrointestinal irritation.
Astrological Correspondences
No reliably sourced planetary or elemental rulers documented.
Selected References
- Phytochemical composition and medicinal properties of Xylopia aethiopica, Phytotherapy Research, 2012
- Medicinal Plants of Tropical Africa, PROTA Foundation, 2009
- African Spices and Their Therapeutic Uses, Herbal Medicine, 2014
- Traditional uses of Xylopia aethiopica, Primary Health Care and Traditional Medicine in Africa, 2010