Botanical Overview
Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, Indian ginseng, or Winter cherry, is a member of the Solanaceae family. Native to Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean regions, this plant’s root, leaf, and berry are traditionally used in medicine.
Energetics
Withania somnifera is traditionally recognized as warming and drying with bitter and pungent tastes. Its energetic directionality is centered and descending, and it is considered a tonifying herb that primarily influences the qi.
Primary Actions
- Adaptogen
- Anti-inflammatory
- Nervine
Indications
Western
- Fatigue
- Anxiety
- Insomnia
- Inflammation
- Weak immune function
- Stress
Syndromes
- Chronic stress
- General debility
- Mild depression
- Immune deficiency
TCM
- Palpitations
- Insomnia
- Fatigue
- Night sweats
Syndromes
- Kidney and Heart Yin deficiency
- Qi and Blood deficiency
Ayurveda
- Weakness
- Poor memory
- Low libido
- Stress
- Anxiety
- Fatigue
Syndromes
- Vata imbalance
- General debility
- Nervous system disorders
- Rasayana (rejuvenation)
Unani
- Weakness
- Debility
- Nervous disorders
Syndromes
- Nervine tonic
- General tonic
Constituents & Mechanisms
The plant contains bioactive phytochemical families including withanolides, alkaloids, sitoindosides, and somniferine, which contribute to its adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and nervine effects.
Dosage & Preparations
- Infusion 2-4 g taken 1-2 times daily
- Powder 1-3 g taken 1-2 times daily
- Tincture 1:5 40% alcohol, 2-5 mL taken 1-3 times daily
Safety & Contraindications
Withania somnifera is generally safe when used appropriately but should be used cautiously with sedatives and thyroid medications due to additive or modifying effects. It is contraindicated during the third trimester of pregnancy due to potential uterine stimulation and should be avoided in hyperthyroid patients. High doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort.
Astrological Correspondences
Traditionally, Withania somnifera is associated with the planetary ruler Saturn and the elemental rulers Earth and Fire.
Selected References
- Indian Medicinal Plants: A Compendium of 500 Species
- Pharmacological activities of Withania somnifera: A review
- Who monographs on selected medicinal plants – Volume 3: Withania somnifera
- Planetary Herbal: The Astrological Significance of Medicinal Plants
- The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India