Botanical Overview
Vitex agnus-castus, commonly known as chasteberry, chaste tree, or monk’s pepper, is a member of the Lamiaceae family. Native to the Mediterranean and southwestern Asia, the plant’s dried fruit is primarily used medicinally.
Energetics
The energetics of Vitex agnus-castus are generally neutral in temperature and moisture, with bitter and pungent tastes. It has a relaxing tonicity effect but no broadly assigned directionality or qi/blood/fluid classification documented.
Primary Actions
- Hormonal regulator
- Galactagogue
- Anti-inflammatory
- Spasmolytic
Indications
Western
- Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
- Mastalgia
- Menstrual irregularities
- Menopause symptoms
- Infertility related to luteal phase defect
Syndromes
- Hyperprolactinemia
- Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- Dysmenorrhea
TCM
Not classically used or indicated.
Ayurveda
Not classically used or indicated.
Unani
Not classically used or indicated.
Constituents & Mechanisms
Vitex agnus-castus contains iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, volatile oils, diterpenoids, alkanes, and casticin, contributing to its effects on dopaminergic activity and hormone regulation.
Dosage & Preparations
- Extract standardized to 0.5% agnuside, 20–40 mg daily
- Tincture 1:5 40% ethanol, 2–4 mL daily
- Dried fruit infusion 1–4 g, 1–3 times daily
Safety & Contraindications
Vitex is generally well tolerated but should be used with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data. It is contraindicated in hormone-sensitive cancers and requires monitoring if combined with dopaminergic or hormonal medications. Mild gastrointestinal upset has been occasionally reported.
Astrological Correspondences
Planetary rulers: Saturn and Jupiter. Elemental rulers: Air and Earth.
Selected References
- Assessment report on Vitex agnus-castus L., fructus – European Medicines Agency (2010)
- Vitex agnus-castus – Plants For A Future
- Herbs at a glance: Vitex – NIH NCCIH (2022)
- Planetary Herbal – Michael Tierra (1993)