Botanical Overview
Senna alexandrina, commonly known as Alexandrian senna or Indian senna, belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is native to Northeast Africa and Southwest Asia. The medicinal parts used are primarily the leaves, leaflets, and pods (follicles) which contain the active laxative constituents.
Energetics
Senna is cooling and drying in nature with a bitter and sweet taste profile. It has a descending directionality and a relaxing tonic effect, primarily influencing the qi aspect of the body’s energies.
Primary Actions
- Laxative
- Cathartic
Indications
Western
- Constipation
- Irregular bowel movements
- Bloating
Syndromes
- Functional constipation
- Chronic constipation
TCM
- Constipation due to heat accumulation
Syndromes
- Large Intestine Heat constipation
Ayurveda
- Constipation
Syndromes
- Vataja constipation
- Pitta disorders causing constipation
Unani
- Constipation
Syndromes
- Musakkin-e-Bawl (laxative indications)
Constituents & Mechanisms
The key phytochemicals include anthraquinone glycosides such as sennosides, flavonoids, and other glycosides. These compounds stimulate peristalsis and increase fluid secretion in the colon, resulting in a laxative effect.
Dosage & Preparations
- Leaf infusion 2-6 g daily
- Powder 1-3 g daily
- Extract standardized to sennosides 15-30 mg daily
- Syrup or tincture standardized for laxative effect 5-15 mL 1-2 times per day
Safety & Contraindications
Senna is generally safe for short-term use but may cause abdominal cramps and electrolyte imbalances if used long-term. It is contraindicated in intestinal obstruction and acute intestinal inflammation. Use during pregnancy, especially the third trimester, is not recommended. Lactating women should avoid or use only under supervision.
Astrological Correspondences
No well-substantiated planetary or elemental rulers were identified from authoritative sources.
Selected References
- Senna Leaf and Pods – EMA/HMPC Assessment (2011)
- Senna alexandrina – PFAF database
- Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet: Senna – NIH ODS (2023)
- British Herbal Pharmacopoeia (1983)