Botanical Overview
Rosmarinus officinalis (family Lamiaceae), commonly known as Rosemary, is native to the Mediterranean region and widely cultivated. The parts used medicinally are the leaves and flowers. Its camphoraceous aroma is characteristic of its essential oils.
Energetics
Rosemary is considered warming and drying in nature. It has bitter and pungent tastes, with an ascending and outward directionality. It is tonifying and primarily influences the qi.
Primary Actions
- Antioxidant
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antimicrobial
- Carminative
- Choleretic
- Nervine
- Spasmolytic
- Stimulant
Indications
Western
- Indigestion, bloating
- Muscle pain, spasms
- Cognitive fatigue, headache
- Respiratory congestion and mild infections
Syndromes
- Dyspepsia
- Mild cognitive impairment
- Muscle spasms
- Respiratory infections
TCM
- Headache
- Wind-cold invasion
- Muscle stiffness
Syndromes
- Wind-cold obstruction
Ayurveda
- Kapha imbalance
- Digestive sluggishness
Syndromes
- Ama accumulation
- Kapha disorders
Unani
- Cold humors
- Weak digestion
Syndromes
- Balgham (phlegm) imbalances
Constituents & Mechanisms
Rosemary contains phenolic diterpenes such as carnosic acid and carnosol, rosmarinic acid, and essential oils rich in 1,8-cineole, camphor, and alpha-pinene. These contribute to its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities.
Dosage & Preparations
- Infusion: 2-4 g dried herb in 150 mL water, 2-3 times daily
- Tincture 1:5 (40% ethanol): 2-4 mL, 2-3 times daily
- Essential oil: topical use diluted; internal use not recommended without professional supervision
Safety & Contraindications
Rosemary is generally safe in culinary doses. Medicinal doses should be used cautiously in pregnancy due to possible uterine stimulation and avoided in epilepsy. Potential interactions with anticoagulants and antihypertensive drugs warrant monitoring. Allergic reactions in sensitive individuals have been reported.
Astrological Correspondences
Planetary rulers associated with rosemary are the Sun and Mars. The elemental rulers include Fire and Air, reflecting its warming and stimulating nature.
Selected References
- Assessment report on Rosmarinus officinalis L., folium – EMA (2014)
- Rosmarinus officinalis – Plants For A Future database
- Escop Monographs, Rosmarinus officinalis Leaf (2003)
- The Complete Herbal by M. Grieve (1931)
- The Herbal Medicine-Maker’s Handbook by James Green (2000)