Botanical Overview
Plantago ovata, commonly known as Psyllium, Ispaghula, or Isabgol, belongs to the Plantaginaceae family. The primary parts used medicinally are the husks and seeds. Native to South and Western Asia, this plant is valued primarily for its high soluble fiber content and bulk-forming properties.
Energetics
Plantago ovata is considered neutral in temperature and moistening in quality, with a mild, bland taste. It has a relaxing tonicity, acting predominantly on fluid regulation within the body.
Primary Actions
- Laxative (bulk-forming)
- Demulcent
- Relieves constipation and diarrhea
Indications
Western
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- High cholesterol
- Hemorrhoids
Syndromes
- Functional constipation
- Dyslipidemia
TCM
Not traditionally used or well-documented in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Ayurveda
- Constipation
- Colitis
Syndromes
- Vata disorders
- Pitta pacification
Unani
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
Syndromes
- Humor imbalance involving phlegm and bile
Constituents & Mechanisms
The plant contains soluble fiber primarily in the form of mucilage and polysaccharides, which absorb water to form a gel that facilitates bowel movements and modulates cholesterol absorption.
Dosage & Preparations
- Powder: 5-10 grams 1-3 times daily with adequate water
- Capsules: 500 mg to 1000 mg 1-3 times daily
- Bulk-forming laxative commercial preparations
Safety & Contraindications
Generally safe when used with sufficient liquid intake. May cause gastrointestinal discomfort like bloating or gas initially. Avoid use in individuals with bowel obstruction or known hypersensitivity to psyllium. Limited data on safety in pregnancy and lactation, so use only if clearly needed. May interfere with absorption of some oral medications, so separate dosing is advisable.
Astrological Correspondences
No reliably sourced planetary or elemental rulers identified.
Selected References
- European Medicines Agency (EMA) HMPC Assessment Report, 2013
- PFAF – Plants For A Future
- NIH National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 2021
- Drugs.com, 2022
- Kupeli E et al., Phytotherapy Research, 2019