Botanical Overview
Ononis spinosa, commonly known as Restharrow or Spiny restharrow, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Fabaceae family. It is native to Europe, the Mediterranean, and Western Asia. The parts used medicinally include the root and the aerial herb. The plant is characterized by its spiny stems and yellow flowers.
Energetics
Ononis spinosa is considered to have a neutral temperature and a drying moisture quality. Its taste profile is predominantly bitter and astringent. Energetically, it is thought to have an ascending directionality and a relaxing tonicity, acting mainly on the qi.
Primary Actions
- Diuretic
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antispasmodic
- Mild astringent
Indications
Western
- Urinary tract infections
- Kidney and bladder inflammation
- Edema
- Cystitis
- Dysuria
- Rheumatic pain
Syndromes
- Urinary retention
- Mild kidney insufficiency
- Mild inflammation of urinary tract
TCM
No documented traditional Chinese medicine uses.
Ayurveda
No documented Ayurvedic uses.
Unani
No documented Unani uses.
Constituents & Mechanisms
The plant contains several phytochemical families, including flavonoids, essential oils, triterpenoids, coumarins, alkaloids, and phenolic acids. These constituents contribute to its diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic properties.
Dosage & Preparations
- Infusion: 2-4 g dried herb, 2-3 times daily
- Tincture (1:5, 40% alcohol): 2-5 mL, 1-3 times daily
- Decoction of root: 2-6 g daily
Safety & Contraindications
Ononis spinosa is generally considered safe when used in recommended doses. It should be avoided in cases of severe kidney disease. Use during pregnancy and lactation is not well documented, so caution is advised. Potential interactions include additive effects with diuretics and possible interactions with blood pressure medications; monitoring is recommended.
Astrological Correspondences
No established planetary or elemental rulers found in authoritative sources.
Selected References
- Plants For A Future Database: Ononis spinosa L. – Detailed Plant Profile
- European Medicines Agency (EMA) Herbal Monograph: Ononis spinosa L., herba, 2018
- James A. Duke. Handbook of Medicinal Plants, 2002
- I. F. Fugh-Berman. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects (2nd edition), 2011