Botanical Overview
Crataegus monogyna, commonly known as Common hawthorn or Single-seeded hawthorn, is a member of the Rosaceae family. It is native to Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. The medicinal parts include the flowers, leaves, and fruit, traditionally harvested for cardiovascular and mild sedative uses.
Energetics
This herb is considered neutral in temperature with moistening properties. Its taste profile is bitter, astringent, and sweet. Energetically, it is tonifying and tends to have a descending and inward directionality, acting primarily on the blood.
Primary Actions
- Cardiotonic
- Antioxidant
- Anti-inflammatory
- Mild sedative
- Vasodilator
Indications
Western
- Palpitations
- Chest pain
- Mild heart failure
- Hypertension
- Anxiety
- Digestive discomfort
Syndromes
- Chronic heart weakness
- Cardiac arrhythmia
- Poor peripheral circulation
- Mild hypertension
- Digestive insufficiency
TCM
- Chest oppression
- Palpitations
- Restlessness
Syndromes
- Heart Qi deficiency
- Blood stasis in the chest
- Liver Qi stagnation
Ayurveda
- Heart weakness
- Shortness of breath
- Anxiety
Syndromes
- Hridaya Vikara (heart disorders)
- Vata imbalance
Unani
- Cardiac debility
- Dyspnea
- Palpitations
Syndromes
- Qillat-e-Qalb (heart weakness)
- Imbalance of cardiac temperament
Constituents & Mechanisms
Key phytochemicals include flavonoids, oligomeric proanthocyanidins, triterpenes, phenolic acids, vitexin, and hyperoside, which contribute to its antioxidant and cardiotonic properties.
Dosage & Preparations
- Infusion: 2-3 g of dried flowers or leaves, 3 times daily
- Tincture: 1:5 in 40% ethanol, 2-5 mL, 3 times daily
- Standardized extract: 160-180 mg flavonoids daily in divided doses
Safety & Contraindications
Generally well tolerated; may cause mild gastrointestinal upset or dizziness. Caution with cardiac medications due to additive effects. Avoid during pregnancy due to insufficient safety data.
Astrological Correspondences
Planetary ruler: Venus; Elemental ruler: Earth.
Selected References
- European Medicines Agency HMPC Assessment Report, 2014
- Plants For A Future Database
- Natural Standard Monograph, 2020
- The Herbal Medicine-Maker’s Handbook, James Green, 2000
- Medical Astrology & The Plant Kingdom, Judith Berger, 1996