Botanical Overview
Arnica montana, commonly known as Arnica or Mountain arnica, is a herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family native to Europe and Central Asia. The medicinally used part is the flower heads, harvested for topical applications. Arnica is widely recognized for its traditional use in treating inflammation and trauma-related conditions.
Energetics
This plant exhibits a warming temperature and drying moisture quality with bitter and pungent tastes. Its actions are generally ascending and outward, with a relaxing tonicity and a primary influence on the blood system.
Primary Actions
- Anti-inflammatory
- Analgesic
- Antimicrobial
- Circulatory stimulant
- Topical vulnerary
Indications
Western
- Bruising
- Muscle pain
- Sprains
- Inflammation
- Contusions
- Arthritis pain
Syndromes
- Traumatic injury
- Soft tissue inflammation
- Hematoma
TCM
No traditional use documented.
Ayurveda
No traditional use documented.
Unani
No traditional use documented.
Constituents & Mechanisms
Key phytochemicals include sesquiterpene lactones (notably helenalin), flavonoids, and volatile essential oils contributing to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects.
Dosage & Preparations
- Topical tincture 1:5 45% alcohol, applied externally
- Topical ointment or cream 5-10% arnica extract
- Homeopathic arnica preparations (varied dilutions)
Safety & Contraindications
Arnica should only be used externally due to toxicity if ingested. It must not be applied to broken skin or large areas. Avoid use in pregnancy and lactation. Potential allergic reactions and interactions with anticoagulant medications have been reported.
Astrological Correspondences
Planetary ruler: Mars; Elemental ruler: Fire.
Selected References
- European Medicines Agency – Herbal Medicinal Product Committee (HMPC), 2017
- Plants For A Future (PFAF) Database
- World Health Organization Monographs, 1999
- Jenny House, Planetary Herbal, 2000