Regions: Western Asia

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  • Primula veris

    Botanical Overview Primula veris, commonly known as Cowslip or Primrose, belongs to the family Primulaceae. It is native to Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa. The medicinal parts used include the flowers, root, and leaves. Energetics This herb is considered cooling and moistening in nature with bitter and sweet tastes. Directionally, it acts in a…


  • Plantago ovata

    Botanical Overview Plantago ovata, commonly known as Psyllium, Ispaghula, or Isabgol, belongs to the Plantaginaceae family. The primary parts used medicinally are the husks and seeds. Native to South and Western Asia, this plant is valued primarily for its high soluble fiber content and bulk-forming properties. Energetics Plantago ovata is considered neutral in temperature and…


  • Citrus × aurantium (flos)

    Botanical Overview Citrus × aurantium (flos), commonly known as Bitter Orange Flower or Neroli, belongs to the Rutaceae family. The medicinal part used is the flower, valued for its aromatic and therapeutic properties. It is native to the Mediterranean, North Africa, and Western Asia regions. Energetics This herb is considered cooling and moistening, with bitter,…


  • Origanum majorana

    Botanical Overview Origanum majorana, commonly known as Marjoram or Sweet marjoram, belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is native to the Mediterranean region and Western Asia, and has been widely cultivated in Europe. The main parts used medicinally are the aerial parts including leaves and flowering tops. Marjoram is prized for its aromatic properties and…


  • Tilia cordata / Tilia platyphyllos

    Botanical Overview Latin name: Tilia cordata / Tilia platyphyllosFamily: MalvaceaeCommon names: Small-leaved lime, Large-leaved lime, Linden, Lime treeParts used: Flower, Leaf, Bark, Wood Energetics Temperature: coolingMoisture: moisteningTastes: sweet, slightly bitter, aromaticDirectionality: descending, centeredTonicity: relaxingQi/Blood/Fluid: qi Primary Actions Anxiolytic Antispasmodic Diaphoretic Mild sedative Anti-inflammatory Indications Western Anxiety Restlessness Cold symptoms Fever Cough Digestive discomfort Headache Syndromes…


  • Armoracia rusticana

    Botanical Overview Armoracia rusticana, commonly known as horseradish, belongs to the Brassicaceae family. The plant is native to Europe and Western Asia and is naturalized in North America. The root is the primary part used for medicinal and culinary purposes, known for its pungent taste and warming effects. Energetics Horseradish has warming temperature and drying…


  • Aesculus hippocastanum

    Botanical Overview Aesculus hippocastanum, commonly known as Horse Chestnut or Conker Tree, belongs to the family Hippocastanaceae (sometimes placed in Sapindaceae). This deciduous tree is native to Europe and Western Asia. The medicinal parts primarily include the seeds, bark, leaves, and flowers. Energetics The energetics of horse chestnut are characterized by a neutral temperature and…


  • Marrubium vulgare

    Botanical Overview Marrubium vulgare (White horehound) is a perennial herb in the Lamiaceae family. Commonly used parts include the leaf and aerial parts. The plant is native to Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia and has been introduced to North America. Common names: White horehound, Horehound. Energetics Temperature: Cooling Moisture: Drying Tastes: Bitter Tonicity: Relaxing…


  • Humulus lupulus

    Botanical Overview Humulus lupulus, commonly known as hops or common hop, belongs to the family Cannabaceae. The plant is traditionally used in herbal medicine for its sedative and digestive properties. The primary parts used are the flower cones, with leaves and stems sometimes applied. Native to Europe, North America, and Western Asia, hops have been…


  • Glechoma hederacea

    Botanical Overview Glechoma hederacea, commonly known as Ground-ivy, Creeping Charlie, Gill-over-the-ground, or Alehoof, belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is native to Europe and Western Asia and has been introduced widely in North America. The medicinal parts primarily used are the aerial parts and leaves. Energetics This herb is traditionally considered to have a cooling…