Syndromes: toxic heat

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  • Bryophyllum pinnatum

    Botanical Overview Bryophyllum pinnatum belongs to the Crassulaceae family and is commonly known as Air plant, Life plant, Cathedral bells, Miracle leaf, and Four o’clock plant. The medicinal parts used are primarily the leaves and the whole plant. This succulent species is native to tropical regions of Asia and Africa and is widely naturalized in…


  • Azadirachta indica

    Botanical Overview Azadirachta indica, commonly known as Neem or Margosa, belongs to the family Meliaceae. Native to the Indian subcontinent and widely naturalized across Southeast Asia and Tropical Africa, this tree is valued for its multiple medicinal parts including bark, leaves, seeds, flowers, fruit, and oil. Energetics Neem is considered cooling and drying in nature,…


  • Swertia chirata

    Botanical Overview Swertia chirata, commonly known as Chirata or Indian gentian, belongs to the Gentianaceae family. This medicinal herb is native to the Indian subcontinent, Himalayas, and parts of Southeast Asia. The whole plant and aerial parts are traditionally used for their medicinal properties. Energetics This herb is characterized by a cooling temperature and drying…


  • Xanthium strumarium

    Botanical Overview Xanthium strumarium, commonly known as Common cocklebur or Rough cocklebur, is a member of the Asteraceae family. It is widespread across North America, Asia, Europe, and Africa. The plant parts used medicinally include the fruit (seed-containing bur), leaves, and roots. Energetics This herb is considered warming and drying with bitter and pungent tastes.…