Syndromes: Biliary insufficiency

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  • Mahonia nervosa

    Botanical Overview Mahonia nervosa, commonly known as Cascade Oregon grape, is a perennial evergreen shrub in the Berberidaceae family. Native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, it is recognized for its bitter-tasting root and stem bark, traditionally used medicinally. Parts used include root, stem bark, and leaves. Energetics This plant is considered cooling and…


  • Rheum palmatum

    Botanical Overview Rheum palmatum, commonly known as Chinese rhubarb, Turkey rhubarb, or palmatum rhubarb, belongs to the Polygonaceae family. It is native to China and Central Asia. The root and rhizome of this plant are primarily used in herbal medicine for their notable medicinal properties. Energetics Rheum palmatum is characterized by a cooling temperature and…


  • Rhamnus purshiana (cortex)

    Botanical Overview Rhamnus purshiana (cortex), commonly known as Cascara sagrada or Sacred bark, belongs to the family Rhamnaceae. The medicinal part used is the bark harvested primarily from this species native to North America, especially the Pacific Northwest region. Energetics This herb is traditionally considered warming and drying in nature, with a bitter taste. It…