Directionality: ascending

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  • Capsicum annuum (fructus)

    Botanical Overview Capsicum annuum (fructus) belongs to the Solanaceae family and includes widely cultivated types such as bell peppers, chili peppers, and paprika. The medicinally used part is the fruit, which varies from sweet to pungent varieties. It is native to Central and South America but is now grown worldwide for culinary and medicinal purposes.…


  • Rhaponticum carthamoides

    Botanical Overview Rhaponticum carthamoides, commonly known as Leuzea or Maral Root, belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is native to Siberia, Central Asia, and Russia. The root is the part typically used for medicinal purposes, valued for its stimulating and adaptogenic properties. Energetics This herb is traditionally regarded as warming with a bitter taste. Its…


  • Corydalis yanhusuo

    Botanical Overview Corydalis yanhusuo (family Papaveraceae), commonly known as Yanhusuo or Yuan Hu Suo, is a plant native to East Asia, primarily China. The medicinal part used is the rhizome, prized in traditional Chinese herbal medicine for its analgesic and blood-moving properties. Energetics This herb is considered warming in temperature with neutral moisture. It tastes…


  • Panax notoginseng

    Botanical Overview Panax notoginseng, commonly known as Notoginseng, Sanqi, or Tianqi, is a member of the Araliaceae family. Native to China and parts of Southeast Asia, the medicinally active parts are primarily the root and root tuber. It is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine and increasingly recognized in Western phytotherapy. Energetics The root is…


  • Codonopsis pilosula

    Botanical Overview Codonopsis pilosula belongs to the family Campanulaceae and is native to China and East Asia. Commonly known as Dang Shen or Poor Man’s Ginseng, this plant’s root is primarily used medicinally. It is widely valued in traditional Chinese medicine for its tonic properties. Energetics The root is considered neutral in temperature and moistening…


  • Artemisia afra

    Botanical Overview Artemisia afra, commonly known as African Wormwood, Wild Wormwood, or Umhlonyane, is a perennial medicinal herb in the Asteraceae family native to Southern Africa and Ethiopia. The leaves, flowers, and stems are primarily used for medicinal purposes. Energetics This herb has warming and drying energetics, with bitter and pungent tastes. It is characterized…


  • Crocus sativus

    Botanical Overview Crocus sativus (Family: Iridaceae) is commonly known as Saffron or Saffron crocus. The parts used medicinally are the stigma and styles of the flower. Native to the Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia, it is cultivated notably in Iran, Spain, Greece, Morocco, and Kashmir (India). Energetics Crocus sativus is considered warming and drying in…


  • Ammi visnaga

    Botanical Overview Ammi visnaga, commonly known as Bishop’s weed, Khella, or Visnaga, belongs to the Apiaceae family. The primary medicinal parts used are the fruit and seeds. It is native to the Mediterranean region, North Africa, and West Asia. Energetics Ammi visnaga has a cooling temperature and neutral moisture energetics. It has bitter and sharp…


  • Piper longum

    Botanical Overview Piper longum, commonly known as Long Pepper or Indian long pepper, belongs to the family Piperaceae. Native to South and Southeast Asia, the plant’s fruit and root are traditionally used medicinally. It is well recognized in Ayurvedic medicine as “Pippali” and valued for its pungent fruit. Energetics Piper longum is characterized by a…


  • Illicium verum

    Botanical Overview Illicium verum (Star anise) is a member of the Schisandraceae family and primarily valued for its dried fruit, commonly used in traditional medicines and culinary applications. Native to East Asia, especially China and Vietnam, it is recognized by its star-shaped pericarps and sweet-pungent aroma. Common names include Star anise, Chinese star anise, and…