Contraindications: pregnancy (caution, insufficient data)

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  • Adansonia digitata

    Botanical Overview Adansonia digitata, commonly known as Baobab, Monkey bread tree, or Upside-down tree, belongs to the Malvaceae family. It is native to Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar and introduced in parts of Australia. Various parts are used medicinally including the bark, leaves, fruit pulp, and seeds. Energetics The plant exhibits cooling temperature and moistening properties…


  • Piper aduncum

    Botanical Overview Piper aduncum is a member of the Piperaceae family, commonly known as Spiked pepper, Higuillo, or Matico. It is native to Central and South America. The plant’s leaves, stems, and roots are traditionally used medicinally. Energetics This herb is considered warming and drying in nature, possessing acrid, bitter, and pungent tastes. It has…


  • Hymenaea courbaril

    Botanical Overview Hymenaea courbaril, belonging to the Fabaceae family, is a South and Central American tree commonly known as Jatoba, Brazilian cherry, West Indian locust, and Stinking toe. The bark, resin, fruit, and wood are traditionally used medicinally. Energetics Its energetics are generally neutral in temperature with drying moisture properties. Tastes identified include bitter and…


  • Verbascum thapsus

    Botanical Overview Verbascum thapsus, commonly known as common mullein, great mullein, or woolly mullein, is a member of the Scrophulariaceae family. It is native to Europe and Asia and has been widely naturalized in North America. The parts used medicinally include the leaf, flower, and root. The plant is well-known for its soft, densely hairy…


  • Warburgia salutaris

    Botanical Overview Warburgia salutaris is a tree species in the family Canellaceae, commonly known as Pepper-bark tree or Kirikokota. It is native to Eastern and Southern Africa. The primary parts used medicinally are the bark and leaves. Energetics This plant is traditionally considered warming and drying, with bitter and pungent tastes. Its energetic directionality is…


  • Annona senegalensis

    Botanical Overview Annona senegalensis, commonly known as African custard-apple or wild soursop, belongs to the Annonaceae family. It is native to various regions of Africa, including West, Central, and East Africa. The plant’s parts used medicinally include the fruit, leaves, root, stem bark, and seeds. Energetics The plant is considered cooling and moistening in energetic…


  • Lycium barbarum (fructus)

    Botanical Overview Lycium barbarum (fructus), commonly known as Goji berry or Wolfberry, is a member of the Solanaceae family. The medicinally used part is the dried fruit, renowned both in traditional Chinese medicine and increasingly in Western herbal practice. Native to China and East Asia, it has also been introduced and naturalized in parts of…