Contraindications: cardiovascular disease

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  • Citrus × aurantium (fructus)

    Botanical Overview Citrus × aurantium (fructus), commonly known as Bitter orange, Seville orange, or Sour orange, is a member of the Rutaceae family. The medicinal part used is primarily the dried fruit peel, sometimes including the fruit itself. Native to Mediterranean regions, Asia, and North Africa, it has a long history of use in traditional…


  • Lobelia inflata

    Botanical Overview Lobelia inflata, commonly known as Indian tobacco, Puke weed, or Vomiting lobelia, belongs to the Campanulaceae family. It is native to Eastern North America and primarily the aerial parts including leaves and whole plant are used medicinally. Energetics This herb is considered warming and drying in nature, with bitter and pungent tastes. Its…


  • Pausinystalia johimbe

    Botanical Overview Pausinystalia johimbe, commonly known as Yohimbe or Johimbe, is a member of the Rubiaceae family native to Central and West Africa. The bark is the part traditionally used for medicinal purposes. Energetics This plant has warming and drying energetic qualities, characterized by a bitter taste. It is considered tonifying but directionality and qi/blood/fluid…