Constituents: resins

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  • Piper nigrum

    Botanical Overview Piper nigrum, commonly known as black pepper or pepper, is a member of the Piperaceae family. Its fruit and seed are primarily used medicinally and culinarily. Native to South and Southeast Asia, especially India, black pepper is one of the most widely used spices worldwide. Common names include Black pepper and Pepper. Energetics…


  • Humulus lupulus

    Botanical Overview Humulus lupulus, commonly known as hops or common hop, belongs to the family Cannabaceae. The plant is traditionally used in herbal medicine for its sedative and digestive properties. The primary parts used are the flower cones, with leaves and stems sometimes applied. Native to Europe, North America, and Western Asia, hops have been…


  • Pistacia atlantica

    Botanical Overview Pistacia atlantica (family Anacardiaceae), commonly known as Atlas pistachio, Mount Atlas mastic tree, or wild pistachio, is native to the Mediterranean, Middle East, North Africa, and Southwest Asia. Traditional uses employ the leaves, seeds, resin, and gum of the plant. Energetics This species is generally considered warming and drying in nature. Its tastes…


  • Commiphora kataf

    Botanical Overview Commiphora kataf is a resin-producing shrub or small tree of the Burseraceae family, native to Northeast Africa, the Horn of Africa, the Middle East, and the Arabian Peninsula. Commonly known as Rotten Gum or Kataf Myrrh, the plant’s resin and bark are traditionally used medicinally. Energetics The plant is considered warming and drying…


  • Eriodictyon californicum

    Botanical Overview Eriodictyon californicum, commonly known as Yerba Santa or California Yerba Santa, is a member of the Boraginaceae family. This woody shrub is native to western North America, particularly California, Oregon, and Nevada. Traditionally, the leaves and aerial parts are used medicinally. Energetics Yerba Santa is considered warming and drying in nature. Its taste…


  • Podophyllum peltatum

    Botanical Overview Podophyllum peltatum, commonly known as Mayapple, American mandrake, or Wild mandrake, belongs to the family Berberidaceae. It is native to Eastern North America. The primary parts used medicinally include the rhizome, root, and leaves. Energetics This herb is considered cooling and drying in nature, with a bitter taste. Its energetic directionality is descending,…


  • Piscidia piscipula

    Botanical Overview Piscidia piscipula, commonly known as Jamaica Dogwood, Piscidia, or Fish Poison Tree, is a member of the Fabaceae family native to the Caribbean, Central America, and the southern United States. The bark and root are the primary parts used medicinally. Energetics This herb is considered cooling in temperature with a bitter taste and…


  • Piper longum

    Botanical Overview Piper longum, commonly known as Long Pepper or Indian long pepper, belongs to the family Piperaceae. Native to South and Southeast Asia, the plant’s fruit and root are traditionally used medicinally. It is well recognized in Ayurvedic medicine as “Pippali” and valued for its pungent fruit. Energetics Piper longum is characterized by a…


  • Ferula assa-foetida

    Botanical Overview Ferula assa-foetida is a perennial herb belonging to the Apiaceae family, widely distributed across Western Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, and the Middle East. The primary medicinal part used is the resin derived from its root and rhizome. Commonly known as Asafoetida, Hing, or Devil’s dung, the plant’s resin possesses a strong sulfurous…