Constituents: flavonoids

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  • Plumbago zeylanica

    Botanical Overview Plumbago zeylanica, commonly known as Ceylon leadwort, Chitrak, or White leadwort, belongs to the Plumbaginaceae family. This plant is native to India, Southeast Asia, Africa, and Australia. The medicinal parts primarily used are the root, leaf, and sometimes the whole plant. Energetics Plumbago zeylanica is considered warming and drying in temperature and moisture…


  • Sutherlandia frutescens

    Botanical Overview Sutherlandia frutescens, belonging to the family Fabaceae, is a woody shrub native to Southern Africa. Commonly known as Cancer bush, Balloon pea, and Kankerbossie, it is traditionally used for its medicinal properties. The primary parts used are the leaves and whole plant. Energetics The plant is considered to have a neutral temperature and…


  • Irvingia gabonensis

    Botanical Overview Irvingia gabonensis, commonly known as African mango or bush mango, belongs to the family Irvingiaceae. It is native to West and Central Africa. The parts used include the seed, fruit pulp, and leaves. Energetics Irvingia gabonensis is considered energetically neutral in temperature and moisture, possessing bittersweet and fatty tastes. It is generally tonifying…


  • Larrea tridentata

    Botanical Overview Larrea tridentata, commonly known as Creosote bush, Chaparral, Greasewood, and Gobernadora, is a member of the Zygophyllaceae family native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. The primary medicinal parts used are the leaves and stems. Energetics This plant is considered warming and drying, with bitter and astringent tastes. Its energetic action…


  • Epilobium parviflorum

    Botanical Overview Epilobium parviflorum, commonly known as Small-flowered Willowherb or Hairy Willowherb, belongs to the Onagraceae family. Native to Europe, Western Asia, and Northwest Africa, this species primarily uses its aerial parts, leaves, and flowers in herbal applications. Energetics This herb is considered energetically neutral in temperature with a drying moisture quality. Its taste profile…


  • Rosa canina

    Botanical Overview Rosa canina, commonly known as Dog Rose or Wild Rose, is a species in the Rosaceae family. It is native to Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. The plant parts used medicinally include the fruit (rose hips), flowers, roots, and leaves. Rose hips are especially valued for their rich vitamin C content and…


  • Catha edulis

    Botanical Overview Catha edulis (family Celastraceae), commonly known as Khat, Qat, Arabian tea, Mirra, or Miraa, is a flowering shrub native to the Horn of Africa and Arabian Peninsula regions, as well as East Africa. The fresh leaves and twigs are traditionally used for their stimulant properties. Energetics The plant is considered warming and drying,…


  • Fallopia multiflora

    Botanical Overview Fallopia multiflora, commonly known as Fo-ti, He Shou Wu, or Chinese knotweed, is a member of the Polygonaceae family. The primary medicinal part used is the root, harvested mainly in East Asia, particularly China. Energetics This herb is considered warming and moistening in nature. Its taste profile includes bitter, sweet, and acrid flavors.…


  • Papaver somniferum

    Botanical Overview Papaver somniferum, commonly known as Opium poppy or Poppy, belongs to the family Papaveraceae. It is native to the Mediterranean region, Southwest Asia, Europe, and North Africa. The medicinally used parts primarily include the seed, seed capsule latex (source of opium), and seed oil. Notably, the plant is the natural source of opiate…


  • Citrus bergamia

    Botanical Overview Citrus bergamia, commonly known as Bergamot or Bergamot orange, is a member of the Rutaceae family. It is native to the Mediterranean basin, particularly Southern Italy. The primary medicinal parts used are the fruit peel and its essential oil. Energetics Citrus bergamia is characterized by a cooling temperature and drying moisture quality. Its…