Constituents: caffeic acid derivatives

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  • Echinacea angustifolia

    Botanical Overview Echinacea angustifolia belongs to the Asteraceae family and is commonly known as Narrowleaf purple coneflower or Black Sampson. It is native to the central United States and North America. The root and aerial parts of the plant are primarily used in herbal medicine preparations. Energetics This herb has a neutral temperature and moisture…


  • Echinacea purpurea

    Botanical Overview Echinacea purpurea, commonly known as Purple Coneflower or simply Echinacea, belongs to the family Asteraceae. It is native to North America and the parts used medicinally include the root, flower, and other aerial parts. It is widely used as an immunostimulant herb. Energetics The energetics of Echinacea purpurea are considered neutral in temperature…


  • Dipsacus asper

    Botanical Overview Dipsacus asper, commonly known as Wild Teasel or Rough Teasel and referred to as Xuduan in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is a perennial plant of the Caprifoliaceae family indigenous to East Asia including China, Japan, and Korea. The primary medicinal part used is the root. Energetics The root is considered cooling in temperature…