Botanical Overview
Sambucus ebulus (family Adoxaceae), commonly known as Danewort, Dwarf Elder, and European Dwarf Elder, is native to Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa. The plant’s rhizome, fruit, stem, and leaf are used medicinally.
Energetics
This herb is considered cooling and moistening in energetic quality, with a bitter and sweet taste. It has a relaxing tonicity and primarily acts on the qi in the body.
Primary Actions
- Diaphoretic
- Demulcent
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antimicrobial
- Diuretic
- Laxative
Indications
Western
- Fever
- Cold and influenza
- Cough
- Catarrh
- Rheumatic pain
- Skin inflammation
- Constipation
Syndromes
- Upper respiratory tract infections
- Seasonal colds and flu
- Inflammatory conditions
- Rheumatism
- Mild constipation
TCM
No well-supported traditional usage documented.
Ayurveda
No well-supported traditional usage documented.
Unani
No well-supported traditional usage documented.
Constituents & Mechanisms
Sambucus ebulus contains anthocyanins, flavonoids, iridoid glycosides, lectins, phenolic acids, and triterpenes, contributing to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities.
Dosage & Preparations
- Infusion: 1-2 g dried herb, 2-3 times daily
- Tincture: 1:5 in 40% alcohol, 2-5 mL, 1-3 times daily
- External: poultice or wash for skin inflammation
Safety & Contraindications
Sambucus ebulus is toxic if taken raw due to cyanogenic glycosides. External use is generally safe but may cause skin irritation. Contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation due to lack of safety data. Caution in hypotension and diuretic use. Monitor any co-administration with hypotensive or diuretic medications.
Astrological Correspondences
No well-established planetary or elemental rulers identified for Sambucus ebulus.
Selected References
- Plants For A Future: Sambucus ebulus (Danewort)
- European Medicines Agency HMPC Assessment Report on Sambucus nigra
- Phytotherapy Research Journal: Khanavi et al., 2017
- Medicinal Plants of the World, Bruneton, 1999