Botanical Overview
Cuminum cyminum, commonly known as cumin or cumin seed, is a small annual herb in the Apiaceae family. It is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean, Southwest Asia, North Africa, and India. The primary medicinal part used is the seed, valued for its aromatic and therapeutic properties.
Energetics
Cumin seed is considered warming and drying in nature, with bitter and pungent tastes. Its energetic actions involve a descending directionality and a tonifying effect on qi (vital energy).
Primary Actions
- Carminative
- Digestive stimulant
- Antimicrobial
- Anti-inflammatory
- Diuretic
- Antioxidant
Indications
Western
- Indigestion
- Bloating
- Flatulence
- Loss of appetite
- Common cold symptoms
- Respiratory congestion
Syndromes
- Dyspepsia
- Functional gastrointestinal disorders
- Mild infections
TCM
- Abdominal cold pain
- Poor appetite
- Diarrhea
Syndromes
- Spleen Yang deficiency
- Cold-dampness in the middle burner
Ayurveda
- Vata and Kapha disorders
- Digestive weakness
- Loss of appetite
Syndromes
- Ama (toxicity and undigested food accumulation)
- Agni (digestive fire) imbalance
Unani
- Flatulence
- Stomachache
- Loss of appetite
Syndromes
- Cold stomach temperament
Constituents & Mechanisms
Its main phytochemical components include cuminaldehyde, flavonoids, volatile oils, and terpenoids which contribute to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, carminative, and antioxidant actions.
Dosage & Preparations
- Infusion: 2-3 g seeds per cup, 1-3 times daily
- Powder: 1-3 g daily
- Essential oil: applied topically or inhaled in small amounts only
Safety & Contraindications
Cumin is generally regarded as safe when consumed in culinary amounts. Caution is advised during pregnancy due to potential uterine stimulation particularly at high doses. Allergic reactions may occur in sensitive individuals. Use caution if combining with diuretics or anticoagulants due to potential additive effects. Avoid use in those allergic to Apiaceae family plants.
Astrological Correspondences
No reliably sourced planetary or elemental rulers for Cuminum cyminum were identified.
Selected References
- Cuminum cyminum – PFAF Plant Database
- WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants – Volume 1 (1999)
- Assessment report on Cuminum cyminum L., semen – European Medicines Agency (2014)
- Pharmacological properties of Cuminum cyminum (cumin) – A review (Malhotra S et al. 2015)
- Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (2001)