Botanical Overview
Solanum dulcamara, commonly known as Bittersweet Nightshade or Woody Nightshade, belongs to the Solanaceae family. It is native to Europe and Asia but also naturalized in North America. The parts used medicinally include aerial parts such as leaves, stems, and berries.
Energetics
This herb has a cooling temperature and drying moisture quality. Its tastes are bitter, acrid, and sweet. The energetics suggest an ascending and outward directionality with a generally relaxing tonicity.
Primary Actions
- Anti-inflammatory
- Expectorant
- Diuretic
- Antimicrobial
Indications
Western
- Cough
- Eczema
- Rheumatic pain
- Urinary tract infections
- Skin inflammation
Syndromes
- Bronchitis
- Dermatitis
- Urinary inflammation
- Rheumatism
TCM
No well-supported traditional indications recorded.
Ayurveda
No well-supported traditional indications recorded.
Unani
No well-supported traditional indications recorded.
Constituents & Mechanisms
Solanum dulcamara contains glycoalkaloids such as solanine and solanidine, flavonoids, saponins, sterols, and resins. These constituents contribute to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and expectorant properties.
Dosage & Preparations
- Tincture: 1:5 in 50% alcohol, 1-3 mL 2-3 times daily
- Infusion: 1-2 g dried herb in 150 mL water, 1-2 times daily (external use only)
- Poultice: fresh leaves applied topically for skin conditions
Safety & Contraindications
Due to the presence of toxic glycoalkaloids, Solanum dulcamara should be used cautiously. It is contraindicated during pregnancy, lactation, in children, and persons with kidney or liver disease. Topical application may cause skin irritation or sensitization. Avoid use with other toxic nightshades and monitor for additive toxicity with certain medications.
Astrological Correspondences
No reputable sources found for planetary or elemental rulers for this species.
Selected References
- Plants For A Future – Solanum dulcamara
- European Medicines Agency – HMPC Assessment Report (2016)
- WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, Volume 3 (1999)
- Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects, 2nd Edition (2011)