Botanical Overview
Polygonum cuspidatum, commonly known as Japanese knotweed, Hu Zhang in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mexican bamboo, Asian knotweed, or fleeceflower root, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Polygonaceae family. Native to East Asia, especially Japan, China, and Korea, it has been introduced to North America and Europe. The root and rhizome are the primary parts used medicinally.
Energetics
This herb exhibits a cooling temperature nature with moistening qualities. Its taste profile includes bitter, astringent, and slightly sweet elements. The directionality is primarily descending and outward, and it is generally considered relaxing in tonicity, influencing the qi within the body.
Primary Actions
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antioxidant
- Antimicrobial
- Cardioprotective
- Laxative
Indications
Western
- Inflammation
- Hypertension
- Hyperlipidemia
- Constipation
- Infection
- Cardiovascular risk management
Syndromes
- Oxidative stress
- Chronic inflammation
- Venous insufficiency
TCM
- Bone pain
- Joint swelling
- Menstrual irregularities
- Diarrhea
Syndromes
- Blood stasis
- Heat toxins
- Dampness
Ayurveda
No specific traditional indications documented.
Unani
No specific traditional indications documented.
Constituents & Mechanisms
Main bioactive phytochemicals include resveratrol, polydatin, emodin, anthraquinones, flavonoids, stilbenes, and phenolic acids, contributing to the herb’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
Dosage & Preparations
- Decoction of dried root: 3-9 g daily
- Standardized extracts containing 50-100 mg of resveratrol daily
- Powdered root: 1-3 g taken 1-2 times daily
Safety & Contraindications
Polygonum cuspidatum is generally well tolerated but should be used cautiously in individuals on anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapies due to potential enhanced bleeding risk. Avoid use during pregnancy and lactation because of insufficient safety data. High doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort.
Astrological Correspondences
No credible sources found to reliably assign planetary or elemental rulers.
Selected References
- American Botanical Council Herbal Medicine: Polygonum cuspidatum Japanese Knotweed
- Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica by Dan Bensky & Steven Clavey (2004)
- Phytotherapy Research Journal: Phytochemical analysis and pharmacological activities of Polygonum cuspidatum (Chen et al., 2014)
- WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants Volume 3 (2007)